Wrench.



No. 823,367.' PATENTED JUNE 12, 1906.

J. D. RYAN.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.18.-1905.

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

\E v gAi Q) Q2 0 ll: 1??? /6 3 25 P I 01 w 1''" n "I! W No. 823,867. PATENTED JUNE 12, 1906. J. D. RYAN.

WRENCH.

APPLIOATION FILED r133, 18 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

dles interchangeable joniv 1 RYAN, or sI sTERsv LL E, WEST VIRGINIA, Ass cNoR on em HALF TO JAMES RYAN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. WRENCH.

l\To. 823,367.

7 Specif cation of Letters Patent Patented June 12 1906.

Application filed February 18, 1905. Serial No. 246,292.

To all whom it mayconccrmv ,Beit known .that 1, JOHN D. RYAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at No. 125 Virginia street, Sistersville, in the county of Tyler and'State of West Virginia, have inventednew and useful Improvements in Wrenches, of which the following is a specification; This invention relates to. tools such as are customarily em loyed by plumbers.

Theprincipa object of'the invention is to combine with a sin le pair of operating-hanmeans for effecting a number of resultssuch, for example, as applying wrench-pressure to delicate polished or plated pipe without injuring the same or for operating upon rough pipes.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, which will appear as the description proceeds, the inventlon resides, primarily, in a wrench structure having a pair of operating-handles and a plurality of sets of interchangeable jaws adapted to be used in connection with said operating-handles. For example, several diiferent sets of jaws of varying sizes may be employed for operating upon various kinds of polished or plated pipes. Roughened jaws, or jaws having removable dies formed with serrated faces, may be employed for operating upon rough pipes of different sizes, and jaws provided with cutting-disks may be employed for cutting pipes of different kinds and sizes. 'One convenient and practical embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of a wrench constructed in accordance with the invention. Fig. 2 is a similar view, partly in section. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view through one of the locking-plates. Fig. 1 is a perspective view showmg one of the clampingplates. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one of the removable dies employed in connection with the contacting portions of the pivotallymounted jaws. Fig. 6 is a detail view of a jaw suitable for use in operatin upon rough pipes. Fig. 7 is a similar view s owing a aw rovided with a smooth die. Fig. 8 is a simiar view showing a jaw provided with pipecutting means.

Like reference-numerals indicate corresponding parts in the different views.

The reference-numeralsd and 2 indicate one set 'of'the interchangeable aws of the iniproved wrench, whichare pivotally mounted between a pair of side plates, such as 3', by

meansof bolts 4." Eachoft-hejaWs' -I 2'is provided with a'suitablegear e1ement ,-which, if desired, may be produced by forming serrations orgear-teeth -10 in 1 said jaws; I The gearelements 10 of thetwo jaws are adapted to intermesh with each other. Said gear elements 10 are also adapted to intermesh with similar gear elements 11 upon the enlarged ends12 13 ofhandles14 15, which are pivotally mounted between the side plates-3 by means of bolts 15+.--'If desired, the handles1415 may be-formed inointe'd sections, as indicated by the line 16, said sections being adapted to be detached from each other in any suitable manner.

The bolts 4 and 15, which connect the side plates 3 of the improved wrench and serve as the fulcrum members for the pivotallymounted jaws and handles 1 2 and 14 15, are provided on their outer ends with removable nuts, such as 17, which are prevented from working loose by means of locking-plates 18, having stamped therein depressions 19, adapted to fit over said nuts 17. The locking-plates 18 are also formed with slots 20 to receive the free ends 21 of spring-plates 22, which are mounted upon the outwardly-extending ends 23 of clamping-plates 24, which are secured to the side plates 3 by means of links 25. When it is desired to remove the nuts 17, the screws 26, which hold the links 25 in place, are removed, thus permitting the clamping-plates 24, together with the springplates 22 and locking-plates 18, to be removed from the side plates 3, thus giving access to the nuts 17 and permitting their removal.

A coil-spring 27 is employed to maintain the handles of the wrench normally in open position.

From the foregoing description it will be apparent that the jaws 1 and 2 can be removed whenever desired and replaced by another set of jaws for performing a dilierent function. The improved tool is intended to be placed upon the market with any desired number of interchangeable jaws for effecting all necessary 0 erations to be performed by a plumber or 0t er artisan of similar occupation. For example, one set of jaws, such as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, will be formed with erforations, such as 30, by means of which a ender, such as 31, formed of rubber, canvas, burlap, felt, or similar material, can be attached to the aws to prevent them from scratching or injuring a polished or plated pipe. When operating upon a rough pipe, the jaws shown in Fig. 1 are removed and a set of jaws, such as illustrated in Figs. 6, 7, or 8, is placed in position. It will be understood that other kinds of jaws than those illustrated in the drawings can be used, if desired, without departing from the spirit of invention. that a number of sets of jaws of each articular kind will be constructed in ifferent sizesthat is to say, the plumbers kit will contain any desired number of jaws, such'as illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 6, 7, and 8, so as to fit olished or rough pipes of all possible sizes. *urthermore, the jaws can be constructed of any suitable metal or alloy without departing from the spirit of invention.

The improved tool of this invention is strong, durable, and inexpensive in construction as well as thoroughly efiicient in operation.

Changes in the recise embodiment of invention illustrate and described may be is claimed Furthermore, it will be understood made within the scope of the following claim without departing from the spirit of invention or sacrificing any of its advantages.

Havin thus described the invention, what as new is A wrench comprising side plates, cooperatin jaws pivotally mounted between said side plates and having gear elements adapted to intermesh with each other, handles plvotally mounted between said side plates and having gear elements intermeshing with each other and with the gear elements of said jaws, bolts connecting said side lates and serving as the fulcrum members 0 said jaws and handles, nuts on said bolts, lockingplates having depressions to receive the nuts and being formed with slots, clamping-plates on said side plates having outwardly-extending ends, and spring-plates on said outwardly-extending ends adapted to fit the slots in said locking-plates.

In testimony whereof I afliX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN D. RYAN. Witnesses:

O. L. CUNNINGHAM, G. L. LoW'rHER. 

